Guidelines For Treating Mesothelioma Disease
Once an individual has been diagnosed by a qualified mesothelioma doctor, the next step is to discuss mesothelioma treatment options and to develop a treatment plan. There are several types of treatment available for patients with mesothelioma, the most commonly used for treatment options are surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy. In addition, some experimental treatments are becoming more common and are showing some encouraging result in clinical trials. These treatments include photodynamic therapy, gene therapy, immunotherapy, chemotherapy drugs including alimta and cisplatin have showed promising results in some patient.
If you need a better explanation about mesothelioma treatment options you can immediately contact the doctor in here :
Contact to Dr. David J. Sugarbaker
Boston, Massachusetts 02115
Phone: 617.732.6824
Fax: 617.566.3441
Email Address: dsugarbaker@partners.org
Mesothelioma Surgery
Surgical treatments for mesothelioma include three main types - diagnostic surgery, curative surgery, and palliative surgery. Some types of surgery fall into more than one category.
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| Surgery can only be performed during mesothelioma stages I and II. |
For example, thoracentesis may be used as a diagnostic procedure, and as a palliative treatment to provide symptomatic relief. Only curative surgery can potentially remove all cancer from a patient with mesothelioma. However, for curative surgery to be effective, it is particularly important that mesothelioma be diagnosed as early as possible. Unfortunately, mesothelioma is not usually diagnosed until it reaches Stage III or IV, when surgery is not an option.
Mesothelioma Chemotherapy
Most forms of chemotherapy involve the intravenous administration of drugs such as
Alimta and Cisplatin. Chemotherapeutic drugs are targeted to kill cells that are rapidly dividing by interfering with processes that occur during cell division.
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| Chemotherapy is an effective treatment option but comes wit unpleasant side effects |
However, while cancer cells themselves divide rapidly, so do some types of healthy cells, causing some of the unpleasant side effects that are often associated with this form of treatment. Though older chemotherapy medications seemed to do little to fight mesothelioma, newer chemotherapy drugs are showing much promise. A relatively new form of chemotherapy called heated chemotherapy is an option for patients with peritoneal mesothelioma. This treatment is carried out following surgery, and involves the perfusion of heated chemotherapeutic medications into the peritoneum.
Mesothelioma Radiation
Radiation therapy, or "ionizing radiation", is used to kill cancer cells and to limit the spread of cancer. For patients with mesothelioma, radiation therapy is most often used in conjunction with surgery.
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| Radiation is often used in conjunction with surgery. |
However, in some cases radiation may be used as a stand-alone treatment to relieve pain and other symptoms associated with mesothelioma. In either case, it is rare for radiation therapy to provide more than short-term symptomatic relief. Mesothelioma patients may receive one of two types of radiation therapies, depending on whether or not they are suitable candidates for either procedure. External beam radiation therapy is the traditional type of radiation therapy, where tumors are bombarded with beams of radiation to kill cancer cells. Brachytherapy is a newer type of radiation treatment. It involves tiny radioactive rods which are implanted within a tumor to provide a strong, concentrated dose of radiation to tumors while doing very little damage to surrounding healthy tissue.
Photodynamic Therapy
Photodynamic therapy is a highly specialized and specific form of treatment that is most often used to treat skin cancers, some types of lung cancer, and pleural mesothelioma.
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| Photodynamic therapy uses light energy to kill cancer cells |
However, this treatment is usually unsuitable for patients with metastasized cancer; it is most effective in patients who have localized disease. This type of therapy involves the use of light energy to kill cancer cells. In photodynamic therapy treatment, the patient is given an intravenous solution of a medication that makes cancer cells highly sensitive to a particular kind of light. One to three days after this treatment, the patient is exposed to the light, and cancer cells that have absorbed the medication are killed.
Gene Therapy
Gene therapy involves using genetic material to specifically target cancer cells and make them more vulnerable to chemotherapy treatment.
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| "Suicide Gene Therapy" is the most popular form of gene therapy being used. |
The main type of gene therapy being developed for use in mesothelioma patients is called "suicide gene therapy," because it forces cancer cells to produce substances that cause their death. When undergoing this type of gene therapy, the patient is treated with a non-infectious virus that has been altered with genetic material that makes them produce a particular protein. Following this procedure, the patient is then treated with a chemotherapeutic medication that is specially formulated to be toxic only to cancer cells. This type of therapy has produced some promising results for mesothelioma patients, but it is still only available through clinical trials.
Immunotherapy is a type of treatment in which the patient's own immune system is 'tricked' into killing cancer cells. A healthy, normally-functioning immune system does not kill cancer cells, because even though these are diseased cells, the immune system is unable to recognize them as being harmful. There are two main types of immunotherapy: active and passive. In active immunotherapy, mesothelioma cancer cells are removed from a patient and then treated in a laboratory to turn them into a vaccine. Following this laboratory treatment, the patient is injected with the vaccine and if the treatment is successful, the patient's immune system recognizes the vaccine as a harmful substance, thus recognizing the cancer as being harmful as well. Passive immunotherapy is somewhat different in that it does not attempt to activate the patient's immune system. Instead, it uses substances such as cytokines (molecules that direct and regulate the immune system) and other agents to help boost the patient's immune response to their cancer.
Sources :
www.asbestos.com
www.mesothelioma.com
The early symptoms of mesothelioma are generally non-specific, and may lead to a delay in diagnosis. From the early of disease symptoms of mesothelioma usually do not appear for 20 to 50 years after asbestos exposure. When symptoms do appear, it may still difficult to diagnose mesothelioma, as the symptoms vary according to the type of mesothelioma. Those with pleural mesothelioma often exhibit persistent coughing, chest pains, shortness of breath, fatigue and lumps on the chest, under the skin. Those with the peritoneal type may experience abdominal pain, weight loss and nausea. Pericardial mesothelioma causes irregular heartbeats, palpitations, breathing difficulties, chest pain and night sweats. Testicular mesothelioma causes lumps on the testicles that may or may not be painful, and for rarely case some patients show no symptomps at all. A chest X-Ray may show a build-up of fluid or pleural effusion. Pleural Effusion is one of the most common symptoms of mesothelioma it is an accumulation of fluid between the parietal pleura ( the pleura covering chest wall and diaprhagm) and the visceral pleura ( the pleura covering the lungs). Both of these membranes produce amount of fluid that acts as a lubricant between the chest wall and the lung. Any exceed fluid absorbed by blood and lymp vessels maintaining a balance. When to much fluid forms, the result is an effusion. The right lung is affected 60% of the time and with involvement of both lungs being seen in approximately 5% of patients at the time of diagnosis. For some reasons these symptoms of mesothelioma maybe caused by mesothelioma or maybe caused by other less serious conditions, only a specialist doctor can make a definitive diagnosis.
